Dr. Wojo. Healthy Living. Simplified.

There’s been a lot of talk about caffeine lately - and plenty of confusing statistics. According to some researchers, drinking coffee may prevent Type 2 diabetes; lower your risk for colon, mouth, esophogeal, throat, prostate and endometrial cancers; or make it less likely you’ll commit suicide or get Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease. Other studies report that caffeine is harmful to developing fetuses and can increase one’s blood pressure, cause heartburn, make you more anxious, increase your secretion of stress hormones, and exacerbate insomnia, hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder.

Researchers generally acknowledge they don’t fully understand the effects of caffeine. It’s often difficult to directly prove cause and effect with caffeine studies because there may be other lifestyle factors - besides caffeine intake - that affect a person’s health, such as exercise, diet and sleep habits. And coffee has other substances, like vitamin E, potassium and magnesium that can play a role in a person’s health.

So what’s a person supposed to do? Ultimately, it comes down to moderation and understanding how caffeine affects you. Some people become jittery after one cup, others can have a half dozen cups and not be affected. Generally, if you do have high blood pressure or are pregnant, it is recommended that you monitor your caffeine intake.

And, here, is the next dilemma - knowing how much caffeine you are taking in. Each pot of coffee you brew will have different levels of caffeine depending on how your brew it or how long it is steeped. Other products that naturally have caffeine are chocolate and tea. There’s also talk of establishing labeling standards for products that contain added caffeine. While most sodas now list how much caffeine is contained in their product right on the label, other foods such as gum, yogurt, ice cream, chocolate bars and jelly beans do not. According to the Center for Science in the Public Interest, an 8-ounce Pepsi has 25 milligrams of caffeine, while a Hershey’s Special Dark Chocolate bar has 31 milligrams. Now think of all the coffee-flavored ice creams, candies and yogurts you consume.

Overall - think moderation. If you have medical conditions that are exacerbated by caffeine, then try decaffeinated products or eliminate those products entirely. And pay attention to labels. Right now, most products don’t list the caffeine they add, but if they’re “coffee-flavored” chances are they’ll contain some amount of caffeine.