Dr. Wojo. Healthy Living. Simplified.

At this time of year, it’s not uncommon for many of us to feel more tired than usual - the circadian rhythms of our body are adjusting to shorter days and longer nights, and many of us are fighting off infectious diseases such as a cold or the flu. However, there is one infectious disease -mononucleosis (mono) - that can make you extraordinarily tired for several weeks.

Known informally as the “kissing disease” mono can be caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is passed along via saliva, sharing a glass or utensil, coughing or sneezing. Most people consider mono to be very “catchy,” yet it’s not generally more contagious than the common cold.

For those who get mono, young children are likely to have the fewest symptoms and recover fastest. Adolescents and young adults tend to experience more of the symptoms for a period of four to eight weeks. As for adults, most have been exposed to Epstein-Barr and built up antibodies that make them immune.

Symptoms of mono include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck/armpits
• Swollen tonsils
• Headache
• Weakness
• Skin rash
• Loss of appetite
• Soft, swollen spleen
• Night sweats

While the fever and sore throat generally disappear within two weeks, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue and a swollen spleen can linger for weeks. It may take two to three months before you feel normal again. Antibiotics are not prescribed for mono because it is a virus, so be sure to allow yourself plenty of time to rest - the more you rest, the faster you will be back on your feet again.

In general, mono is not a serious infection, but if you have the above symptoms you should visit your physician. In some cases, people will experience hepatitis (swollen liver) or jaundice. And sometimes mono can lead to a swollen spleen. This condition requires special care because a ruptured spleen is a medical emergency. If your spleen is enlarged, it is important that you avoid vigorous exercise or contact sports. In general, you should avoid contact sports for one month after having mono if your spleen was enlarged.

While most people only have mono once, in rare cases mono can recur months or years later. Once you’ve had mono, the EBV virus remains dormant in your body. For those with weak immune systems, the EBV virus can reactivate and cause illness. In rare cases, mono can lead to chronic active EVB infection that leads to persistent illness.

If you suspect you have mono, see your physician to have your spleen and liver checked. Then do your part - don’t share food, dishes, glasses, or utensils. And, yes, refrain from kissing.